Measurements used by Branstetter (2013 Some species specialise in preying on termites (Ants perform many ecological roles that are beneficial to humans, including the suppression of In some parts of the world (mainly Africa and South America), large ants, especially Some ants have toxic venom and are of Although most ants survive attempts by humans to eradicate them, a few are highly endangered.

The eggs of two species of ants are used in Mexican Some ant species are considered as pests, primarily those that occur in human habitations, where their presence is often problematic. Ants have colonised almost every landmass on The family Formicidae belongs to the order During the Cretaceous period, a few species of primitive ants ranged widely on the Ants are found on all continents except Ants range in size from 0.75 to 52 millimetres (0.030–2.0 in),Like other insects, ants have an In the colonies of a few ant species, there are physical castes—workers in distinct size-classes, called minor, median, and major ergates. EL: Eye length measured in one of two ways: (1) Maximum eye length measured along the maximum diameter or (2) maximum eye length measured in full face view. 6. Measurements of the petiole and postpetiole in profile. In the early 1990s, the video game Ants also are quite popular inspiration for many 1. Within ants there are a "core" set of measurements and indices that are used across most groups. For example, Jerdon's jumping ant (Other species of ants can form chains to bridge gaps over water, underground, or through spaces in vegetation. The Australian Ants identify kin and nestmates through their scent, which comes from Parasitic ant species enter the colonies of host ants and establish themselves as social parasites; species such as Many plant species have seeds that are adapted for dispersal by ants.Most ants are predatory and some prey on and obtain food from other social insects including other ants. 3. Mesosoma profile measurements. Several ant species even use "Ants attack and defend themselves by biting and, in many species, by stinging, often injecting or spraying chemicals, such as Suicidal defences by workers are also noted in a Brazilian ant, In addition to defence against predators, ants need to protect their colonies from Nests may be protected from physical threats such as flooding and overheating by elaborate nest architecture.Many animals can learn behaviours by imitation, but ants may be the only group apart from Controlled experiments with colonies of Complex nests are built by many ant species, but other species are nomadic and do not build permanent structures.

Measurements of head in profile; scrobal carina indicated by “sc”.

In addition there are specialised measures for structures and features that are only found in certain taxonomic groups. Some species or genera commonly categorized as pests include the Observed by humans since the dawn of history, the behaviour of ants has been documented and the subject of early writings and fables passed from one century to another. Males, however, are more transitory, being quite short-lived and surviving for only a few weeks.Ants are active all year long in the tropics, but, in cooler regions, they survive the winter in a state of dormancy known as A wide range of reproductive strategies have been noted in ant species. She then graduates to digging and other nest work, and later to defending the nest and foraging.

These changes are sometimes fairly sudden, and define what are called temporal castes. Size and shape characters are quantified and reported as lengths or indices. Some species are capable of leaping. An explanation for the sequence is suggested by the high casualties involved in foraging, making it an acceptable risk only for ants who are older and are likely to die soon of natural causes.Ant colonies can be long-lived. Ants are distinct in their morphology from other insects in having elbowed antennae, metapleural glands, and a strong constriction of their second abdominal segment into a node-like petiole. 5. Examples include the critically endangered Ants and their larvae are eaten in different parts of the world.

2. For example, the presence of ants would be undesirable in sterile places such as hospitals or kitchens. Females of many species are known to be capable of reproducing asexually through Drones can also mate with existing queens by entering a foreign colony. Measurements with head in full face view. 7. Measurements of Meranoplus species. 2. Note that in about 70% of cases indices are multiplied by 100 (giving a range of 0-100) rather than being expressed as simple ratios (with a range of 0-1). Maximum eye width. Maximum eye width measured in full face view. Those using scientific methods, The successful techniques used by ant colonies have been studied in computer science and robotics to produce distributed and fault-tolerant systems for solving problems, for example From the late 1950s through the late 1970s, Ant society has always fascinated humans and has been written about both humorously and seriously.

These nests may be found in the ground, under stones or logs, inside logs, hollow stems, or even acorns. 3. 1. Therefore, unlike their wasp ancestors, most ants travel by walking.

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