Pursuing this line of thought, Hippocrates stated that “our natures are the physicians of our diseases” and advocated that this tendency to natural cure should be fostered. Gary E Friedlaender, Linda K Friedlaender Clinical Orthopaedics and related Research 2019, 477 (4): 700-704 There are 365 bones and 365 joints in the body.According to the physiology of traditional Chinese medicine, the blood vessels contain blood and air, in proportions varying with those of the yin and the yang.
YouTube Encyclopedic. The Jews were indeed pioneers in matters of public health.The golden age of Indian medicine, from 800 BC until about AD 1000, was marked especially by the production of the medical treatises known as the Caraka-saihit (and Suˆruta-saihit) attributed, respectively, to Caraka, a physician, and Suˆruta, a surgeon.

dear Dr.juthika cocoi, your article which is wonderfull compilation and almost covers all aspects for a new entrepreneurs like me.long… Get this from a library! In 1752 a Scotsman, John Pringle, published his classic Observations on the Diseases of the Army, which contained numerous recommendations for the health and comfort of the troops. Fracastoro was interested in epidemic infection, and he offered the first scientific explanation of disease transmission. Eventually the importance of oxygen, which was confused for a time by some as phlogiston, was revealed, although it was not until the late 18th century that the great chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier discovered the essential nature of oxygen and clarified its relation to respiration.Although the compound microscope had been invented slightly earlier, probably in Holland, its development, like that of the telescope was the work of Galileo.
Of somewhat lesser importance are the treatises attributed to Vagbhata. The treatment then applied was to lure the errant soul back to its proper habitat within the body or to extract the evil intruder, be it dart or demon, by counter spells, incantations, potions, suction, or other means.One curious method of providing the disease with means of escape from the body was by making a hole, 2.5 to five centimeters across, in the skull of the victim—the practice of trepanning, or trephining. Alcohol seems to have been used as a narcotic during operations, and bleeding was stopped by hot oils and tar.The teachings of the religious sects forbade the mutilation of the dead human body; hence traditional anatomy rests on no sure scientific foundation.

Prohibitions against human dissection were slowly lifting, and Mondino performed his own dissections rather than following the customary procedure of entrusting the task to a menial. 3 131 A 19th-century pioneer in this field, regarded by some as founder of the parasitic theory of infection, was Agostino Bassi of Italy, who showed that a disease of silkworms was caused by a fungus that could be destroyed by chemical agents.The main credit for establishing the science of bacteriology must be accorded to the French chemist Another pioneer in bacteriology was the German physician Robert Koch, who showed how bacteria could be cultivated, isolated, and examined in the laboratory. Chaulmoogra oil was used by the Chinese for leprosy from at least the 14th century, and about a century ago it began to be used for this purpose by Western physicians. Other saints were invoked as powerful healers of certain diseases, such as St. Vitus for chorea (or St. Vitus’ dance) and St. Anthony for erysipelas (or St. Anthony’s fire). Widely famous in his time, Paracelsus remains a controversial figure to this day. In 1809, in a small Kentucky town, Ephraim McDowell boldly operated on a woman—without anesthesia or antisepsis—and successfully removed a large ovarian tumour.William Beaumont, in treating a shotgun wound of the stomach, was led to make many original observations that were published in 1833 as Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion.In Cuba, Carlos Finlay expressed the view, in 1881, that yellow fever is carried by the Stegomyia mosquito. He was the first to insist upon the value of measurement in science and in medicine, thus replacing theory and guesswork with accuracy. Many of them show evidence of healing and, presumably, of the patient’s survival. The practice still exists among primitive people in parts of Algeria, in Melanesia, and perhaps elsewhere, though it is fast becoming extinct.Contrary to what might be expected, the widespread practice of embalming the dead body did not stimulate study of human anatomy. Though the Bible contains little on the medical practices of Old Testament times, it is a mine of information on social and personal hygiene.

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