Facebook. Unable to load your delegates due to an error In spite of its small territory of ~ 50,000 km 2, Costa Rica harbors a remarkably rich biodiversity.Its herpetofauna includes 138 species of snakes, of which sixteen pit vipers (family Viperidae, subfamily Crotalinae), five coral snakes (family Elapidae, subfamily Elapinae), and one sea snake (Family Elapidae, subfamily Hydrophiinae) pose potential hazards to human and animal health. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V.Venomous snakes of Costa Rica: Biological and medical implications of their venom proteomic profiles analyzed through the strategy of snake venomicsCopyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. BecauseThe Central American rattlesnake is found in drier areas, typically in the Guanacaste or northern Puntarenas provinces.

Both species are highly poisonous.Coral snakes’ vibrant coloration is a communication tactic. It has a broad body and head reminiscent of some North American rattlesnakes.Contrary to what the name implies, jumping pit vipers cannot jettison themselves at invaders, but instead attack as any viper would: with a quick strike most commonly at ankle or calf height.While much less common than the previously mentioned vipers, the large Central American bushmaster poses a substantial threat to humans due to its extremely potent venom.

Lomonte B(1), Fernández J(2), Sanz L(3), Angulo Y(2), Sasa M(2), Gutiérrez JM(2), Calvete JJ(4).

Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! It may be found hiding in the fallen leaves of humid tropical forests.Snakes like the hognose and terciopelo give a good reason for hikers to only use cleared and maintained trails, and to stick to the width of those trails at all times.The Central American jumping pit viper is another terrestrial species that may be found in fallen leaves, between tree roots and in the dens of other animals. Elsevier Science Table 2 presents a summary of reported prey types for the venomous snakes of Costa Rica, as compiled in , confronted to the relative amounts of the three most abundant toxin families present in their venoms . 2014 Jun 13;105:340-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.02.021. However, boas have a distinct blocky-head shape that bears little resemblance to a viper’s triangular head.Snakes in the boa family are constrictors and have no venom; thus, they pose little threat to humans. Venomous snakes of Costa Rica: biological and medical implications of their venom proteomic profiles analyzed through the strategy of snake venomics. But there is a threat lurking in the rainforest that many, especially those not from the tropics, might forget.As one of the most biodiverse regions on the planet, Costa Rica boasts vast collections of species: 850 different birds, nearly 2000 kinds of trees, and 23 species of venomous snakes. Its high rate of reproduction and extensive range make it more likely to be encountered by casual hikers than other venomous species. And, always abide by the simple rule to give any form of wildlife a safe observation distance.You can check the InCostaRica App for tour guides that can assist you in planning your next Wildlife Adventure. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226807.

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